The trend of warfare in the contemporary world has gradually moved from interstate through intrastate to a more devastating extent like terrorism. The latter is more common among groups within or across weak states that have grievances against strong states. Their inability to muster sufficient capability for direct warfare often results in organising terrorist activities with a view to inflicting injuries on the interests of the string state. These groups, trained in special ways, launch surprise attacks on their targets. With this change in the trends of wars/conflicts which threaten the existence of states, the intelligence community is beginning to get more attention from policymakers and the public on what to do to curb insurgencies and terrorist attacks while preserving domestic and international security.
The need for intelligence is not limited to policies on terrorism and similar cases; it is also required with regard to events which threaten national interests and other developments that can be of advantage to the nation. When considering intelligence and its strategies, Russia, America, Canada, UK, France, among other countries readily come to mind. These are strong powers that are always prepared to protect their national interests. In the developing countries, the intelligence community is not quite popular, and thus, not central in policy making except in an emergency when the national security is threatened. This chapter clarifies the difference between ordinary raw information and intelligence. It discusses the importance as well as roles and functions expected of intelligence by policymakers to engender successful decisions. It also covers the causes of insecurity and how to combat them. Using the theory of high-risk low probability, the chapter analyses the existence of intelligence community in Nigeria vis a vis the prevalence of Boko Haram insurgency.