ABSTRACT: The occurrence, transmission and intervention strategies on the Lassa fever disease in Nigeria
are presented. The Lassa virus is an enveloped, single stranded, bi-segmented RNA virus that belong to the
Arenaviridae family was first reported in 1969 from Lassa village, Borno State, Nigeria. The primary animal
reservoir for the virus is the multi-mammate rat (Mastomys natalensis). It is transmitted to humans through
the excreta of infected carrier, often via contaminated food and human-to-human transmission. The most
common treatment intervention is ribavirin which carries out its function by inhibiting virus replication.
Extensive investigation is being carried out to arrive at an effective vaccine. Keeping rodents out of homes
and food supplies, as well as maintaining effective personal hygiene are the most viable preventive measures
against the disease.