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A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States

Authors: YACOB-HALISO Olajumoke , Gift Ntiwunka

Publication Type: Journal article

Journal: International Review Of Politics And Development

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Abstract

Based on Richard Snyder’s Comprehensive Internal-External Settings Model of foreign policy decision making, this essay sought to ascertain the linkages among the international and the domestic by analysing how foreign policy choices affects domestic factors, specifically presidential public approval ratings in the United States in the aftermath of the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks and the implementation of President Bush’s War on Terror. The chi-square test of statistical significance was used to analyse changes in presidential approval ratings from four independent media sources. The study concluded that there was statistical significance to the changes in President George W. Bush’s public approval ratings before and after the implementation of the War on Terror, a foreign policy decision that eventual cost him and his party the mid-term and general elections in 2008.

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YACOB-HALISO,O. Gift,N. . (2008). A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States, 6 (), 121-121.

YACOB-HALISO,O. Gift,N. . "A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States" 6, no (), (2008): 121-121.

YACOB-HALISO,O. and Gift,N. and . (2008). A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States, 6 (), pp121-121.

YACOB-HALISOO, GiftN, . A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States. 2008, 6 ():121-121.

YACOB-HALISO,Olajumoke , and Gift,Ntiwunka . "A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States", 6 . (2008) : 121-121.

Y.Olajumoke & G.Ntiwunka , "A Statistical Analysis of the Impact of September 11 and the War on Terror on Presidential Public Approval Ratings in the United States" vol.6, no., pp. 121-121, 2008.

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