One of the most persistent features of postcolonial Africa is conflict, international and intra-state, and the recurrence and transformation of these conflicts into new kinds of wars in some cases, or the creation of new democratic orders. This chapter explores the question of the location, role and dynamics of Pentecostalism in the complicated context of postcolonial Africa’s many conflicts and peace initiatives. Our approach is multiplex, simultaneously fetching movements located at global, international, regional, national and individual levels of analysis to paint a holistic picture of the paths and possibilities of Pentecostal engagement in matters of peace and conflict. This chapter pulls together the international and global forces that shape conflict in postcolonial Africa, proposing a schema for organising the data. Based on two case studies, the Lord’s Resistance Army in Uganda, and a Pentecostal pastor in South Africa, we proceed to analyse the national context for Pentecostal involvement in causing and prolonging conflict, as well as how the national context intersects with individual factors in shaping Pentecostal involvement in peace initiatives. These cases are illustrative, and certainly not prototypical, but they provide promise for advancing current debates concerning the role of religion in African conflicts.