Smart Card: The Turning Point of Technology as a Solution to Africa Problems
Authors:
KUYORO Afolashade
Publication Type: Journal article
Journal: American Journal Of Engineering Research
ISSN Number:
0
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Abstract
Integrated Circuit Cards have conventionally come to be known as "Smart cards". A smart card is a card that is embedded with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip with nonprogrammable logic. The microprocessor card can add, delete, and otherwise manipulate information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only undertake a pre-defined operation. The fabrication of the card involves manufacturing of substrate which contains the chip called a COB (Chip On Board) and consists of a glass epoxy connector board on which the chip is bonded to the connectors. A typical smartcard consists of an 8-bit microprocessor running at approximately 5 MHz with ROM, EEPROM and RAM, together with serial input and output, all in a single chip that is mounted on a plastic carrier. The operating system is typically stored in ROM, the CPU uses RAM as its working memory, and most of the data is stored in EEPROM. One of the most common smart card operating environments is Java. Java-enabled smart cards are called Java Cards13. The Java community has developed a wide and strong base security and safety issue, which can be leveraged when developing smart-card applications. Java Card platform provides a secure execution environment with a “firewall” between different applications in the same card. Encryption and decryption of data are performed on request by the card chipset itself. In this way, the user’s private key is kept secure and cannot be eavesdropped. Thus, chip cards have been the main platform for holding a secure digital identity.