Concurrent Parasitosis in the Liver of Seropositive Hiv Patients
Authors:
OKANGBA Chika
Publication Type: Journal article
Journal: Australian Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences
ISSN Number:
0
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Abstract
The liver is the initial site of filtration of absorbed intestinal luminal contents and is
particularly susceptible to contact with microbial antigens of all varieties. In addition to infection by
viruses, the liver can be affected by spread of bacterial or parasitic infections from outside the liver.
Well-documented cases have shown that HIV attacks liver cells directly producing liver inflammation
and the initial flu-like syndrome that precedes seroconversion. Both protozoa and helminthic
opportunistic and invasive parasites afflict the liver of patients infected by HIV. Whereas HIV
infection may alter the natural history of parasitic diseases, impede rapid diagnosis or reduce the
efficacy of antiparasitic treatments, parasitoses may facilitate infection with HIV as well as progression
from asymptomatic infection to AIDS. Some of the protozoans involved include Cryptosporidium
parvum, Leishmania species, Entamoeba histolytica, Plasmodium species etc, while the representative
helminthes include Echinococcus sp, Schistosoma sp, Fasciola sp, Ascaris sp etc. The symptoms of
diseases caused by these parasites could manifest in the form of any of those associated with liver
damage especially hepatitis, fibrosis, hepatomegaly and cirrhosis. It is therefore recommended that
efforts currently made to control parasitic diseases should be stepped up and modified to complement
the tools currently used in combating the HIV pandemic.