Aging-Induced Biological Changes and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors:
Nabofa Enivwenaye
Publication Type: Journal article
Journal: Biomed Research International
ISSN Number:
0
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Abstract
Aging is characterized by functional decline in homeostatic regulation and vital cellular events.This process can be linked with the
development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this review,we discussed aging-induced biological alterations that are associated
with CVDs through the following aspects: (i) structural, biochemical, and functional modifications; (ii) autonomic nervous system
(ANS) dysregulation; (iii) epigenetic alterations; and (iv) atherosclerosis and stroke development. Aging-mediated structural and
biochemical modifications coupled with gradual loss of ANS regulation, vascular stiffening, and deposition of collagen and calcium
often disrupt cardiovascular system homeostasis. The structural and biochemical adjustments have been consistently implicated in
the progressive increase in mechanical burden and functional breakdown of the heart and vessels. In addition, cardiomyocyte loss
in this process often reduces adaptive capacity and cardiovascular function. The accumulation of epigenetic changes also plays
important roles in the development of CVDs. In summary, the understanding of the aging-mediated changes remains promising
towards effective diagnosis, discovery of new drug targets, and development of new therapies for the treatment of CVDs.