Integrated ecosystem provides the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services into an overall strategy for helping people adapt to climate change. To date, insights into these approaches have often been based on reports from isolated anecdotal case studies. Though, these are informative, and provide evidence that people are using ecosystems to adapt, they provide rather limited insight in terms of measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of integrated ecosystem, especially when compared with technical or structural adaptation interventions. The body of scientific evidence indicating how effective such approaches are is lacking in some aspects. Where evidence does exist, it is often dispersed across a range of related fields, such as natural resource management, disaster risk reduction and agroecology. To date, there has been little attempt to systematically assemble and analyze this evidence. Therefore, evidence in respect of the merits or otherwise of integrated ecosystem is unknown and it has not been possible to identify prevailing knowledge gaps to inform further research and analysis, which will enable policymakers to compare integrated ecosystem with other adaptation options. Hence, this paper is emphasizing the identified gaps for further research purposes.